A Case Study on the Performance of Vertical and Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands for Duck Farm Wastewater Treatment
Author : Balaccua, Herald Josh Ebenezer P.
Major Adviser : Eusebio, Ramon Christian P.
Committee Members : Guerrero, Gino Apollo M.; Arocena, Rhebner E.
Year : 2021
Month : January
Type : Thesis
Degree: BS
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Abstract
There are several hazardous effects that wastewater could bring if they are left untreated. These could cause diseases, accumulation of toxic substances, fish kill, and much more. Which is why it is important to reduce the pollutants in the effluent. A proven effective treatment is the use of constructed wetlands, which uses different natural biological and chemical processes in treating wastewater. The construction cost of these systems is also cheaper compared to the conventional wastewater treatment facility. Its main disadvantage is that it could not treat specialized pollutants which is common in the industry. However, since duck farms only have common pollutant loadings, it is hypothesized that constructed wetlands are capable of treating duck farm effluents. In order to prove the effectivity of constructed wetlands in treating duck farm wastewater, typical pollutant loadings from duck farms are gathered from different studies. These loadings are then compared to the treatment capacities of different constructed wetland designs using COD, BOD, TSS, TN and TP as parameters. The best performing constructed wetland design was Wolfsberg, which is a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland with uniform substrate composition. However, both vertical and horizontal surface flow constructed wetland were both sufficient to treat duck farm wastewater. A constructed wetland design was proposed using Wolfsberg as basis with the addition of a storage tank and pump to have an up-flow process which would help in controlling HRT and use the wetland area more efficiently. Steps for computing the dimensions of the proposed design was given that depends on the effluents of the duck farm desired to be treated. Using the typical pollutant loading, a constructed wetland was designed. The resulting dimensions were 8.6 m, 14.74 m, and 2.5 m for width, length, and depth respectively. Storage tank dimensions were 2.5 m height and 2.27 m radius, using 90 % of the total volume as the capacity. Pipe sizing was done and it was deemed that PVC Schedule 40 pipe with nominal pipe size 3/4” was enough. Lastly, power requirement of the pump was calculated which gave a very low value of 0.04416 Watts which is optimal since this would not affect the duck farmers finances.
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