Solvent Extraction of Essential Oils from Sampaguita, Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait.

Author : Blanquisco, Jr., Catalino D.
Major Adviser : Acda, Reynaldo I.
Committee Members : Movillon, Jovita A.; Valencia, Sixto A.
Year : 1996
Month : June
Type : Thesis
Degree: BS
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Abstract

Essential oils were extracted from the sampaguita, Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait., using two solvent extraction procedures (soaking and soxhlet extraction) with petroleum-ether as solvent. A modified large-volume soxhlet extractor was utilized in soxhlet extraction. The effect of extraction time on oil yield was determined for the soaking method; the suitable flower-solvent ratio and number of siphonings were determines for soxhlet extraction. The percent yield and solvent loss from the two procedures were determined for the given set of conditions.

The results showed that oil yield increased as the extraction time increased. The yields (concrete) ranged from 0.33 to 0.37%, higher than the literature yield of 0.28% for sampaguita flowers. The highest yield of 0.42% was obtained using the soxhlet extractor.

The effect of varying the flower-solvent ratio was insignificant on the yield, thus, the minimum ratio of 1:4 was considered for extractions. It was observed that oil yields increased as the number of siphonings increased.

By soxhlet extraction, a higher yield of 0.425 was obtained after an extraction time of 3.43 hours, as compared to the 37% yield obtained by soaking for 48 hours extraction time. Power consumption of soxhlet extraction averaged 1.71 kW, 80% of which was consumed during extraction and 20% during solvent recovery. Power consumption (of soxhlet extraction) per gram of oil was 0.86 kW.

The extracted sampaguita concrete yielded 49% absolute (pure sampaguita oil). Upon analysis, the extracted oils exhibited a specific gravity and ester number of 0.9695 and 115.8, respectively, comparable to commercially available high-quality jasmine absolutes.


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