Chromium Removal from Chrome-Tannery Effluent after Alkaline Precipitation by Adsorption using Durian Shell-Derived Activated Carbon
Author : Bondoc, Oliver Jerome Muñoz
Major Adviser : Detras, Monet Concepcion M.
Committee Members : Alfafara, Catalino G.; Migo-Sumagang, Maria Victoria P.; Capunitan, Jewel A.
Year : 2018
Month : June
Type : Thesis
Degree: BS
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Abstract
Chromium (Crₜₒₜₐₗ) removal from tannery effluent via adsorption using durian shell-derived activated carbon (DSAC) after alkali precipitation was evaluated in this study. Initially, the characteristics of DSAC was observed, along with its yield at 67.36 %wt. The removal efficiency of Crₜₒₜₐₗ using alkali precipitation was obtained at 99.74 % but the residual Crₜₒₜₐₗ (8.485 ppm) was still above environmental standards (0.5 ppm) hence, further treatment using DSAC was tested. The equilibrium time for adsorption obtained was 2 hours. Various levels of adsorbent loading (0.2 to 10 mg DSAC/ mL Cr solution) and pH (2 to 8.5) were tested in the parametric analysis. Results show that both factors are significant on the removal of Crₜₒₜₐₗfrom tannery wastewater. Optimized condition for adsorption process was then obtained through Central Composite Design (CCD). Adsorbent loading and pH values were adjusted for optimization, which were set at 0.3 to 10 mg/mL and 6.5 to 9.5, respectively. Optimized condition obtained was an adsorbent loading of 9.8 mg/mL and pH value of 8.56. The generated value by Design Expert 11 for the %reduction of Crₜₒₜₐₗ was 98.36 %, which was verified experimentally, obtaining an average value of 95.87 (± 7.37) % that gave an acceptable %difference of 2.16 %. The best fit isotherm determined was the Freundlich isotherm with 0.91 R². DSAC was then compared with commercially activated carbon (CAC) through the %reduction of Crₜₒₜₐₗ in the adsorption process with 1.68 %difference, which proved that DSAC has a potential to be used as alternative for CAC.
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